Tunisia Country Profile on SWM
Country profile on the Solid Waste Management situation in Tunisia (2010)
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Country report on the Solid Waste Management in Tunisia (2010)
EN, FR, [2.5 Mb]
Background Information
| Population: | 10.320 million |
| Municipal solid waste (MSW) generation: | 2.25 million tons (2009) |
| Per capita MSW generation: |
0.815 kg/day (urban areas) 0.15 kg/jour (rural areas) |
| MSW generation growth: | 2.5% |
| Medical waste generation: | 18 MT/year |
| Industrial waste generation: | 7.15 MT/year |
| Special waste generation: | 150 KT/year |
Technical Performance
Municipal Waste:
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MSW collection coverage: |
50-100% in rural areas; 80-100% in urban areas |
| MSW final destination: |
Composted: Weak, Recycled: Weak, Landfilled: 65% relative to production and 85% relative to installed capacity, Open-dumped: Difficult to determine |
| Number of controlled landfills |
6 : Under study 4 : Under construction 10 : Operational |
Hazardous and industrial Waste:
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| Number of units/centers of industrial waste treatment (physical chemical treatment) |
3 : Under construction 1 : Built 1 : Operational |
| Types of treatment of medical waste: | Physical-chemical treatment |
Policy and Planning Environment
- PRONAGDES: First strategic framework for waste management for the period 1995-2006
- PRONGIDD: Covers the period 2007-2016
Legal Framework
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General legal framework
- Framework Law 92-122 creating the Cleanup Fund (FODEP)
- The Organic Law of municipalities 95-68
- Framework Law 96-41 on waste management
- Law 97-11 to promulgate the code of local taxation
- Law 2001-14 laying down the terms for collection, transport, storage and treatment of non-hazardous waste
- Law 2003-80 creating the Fund for a Clean Environment and the Aesthetics of Cities
- Decree 2005-2317 establishing ANGed
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Specific frameworks for certain types of waste
- Law 97-37 on the road transport throughout the territory of hazardous materials
- Decree 97-1102 establishing the public system for the recovery and recycling of packaging, ECO-lef
- Decree 2002-693, on the conditions and terms of recovery and treatment of lubricating oils and used oil filters
- Decree 2000-2339 establishing the list of hazardous waste
- Decree 2005-3395 concerning the conditions of collection and processing of used batteries and accumulators
- Decree 2008-2745 on rules for the waste management of healthcare activity
Institutional Framework
- Policy level: Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development
- Implementation of national policy: The National Agency for Waste Management (ANGed)
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Practice of waste management
- ANGed: Control and supervision of medical landfills operated by private entities.
- Municipalities: Local waste management policy, waste collection and transport to the collection centers or landfills.
- The Ministry of the Interior and Local Government: Control and financing of municipalities
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Control and application of the rules: ANPE (National Agency for Protecting the Environment): Controls the implementation of regulations on waste management, coercive power
- The Ministry of Finance: Involved in the development and implementation aspects of financing and cost recovery of environmental taxes and SWM.
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Partner institutions for managing the sectors
- The Ministry of Public Health: Waste management of healthcare facilities
- The Ministry of Industry: Sectors of used oils, batteries and accumulators, 3E waste
- The Ministry of Commerce: 3E sector
Financial and Cost Recovery Arrangements
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Household waste collection
- Collection cost:
- For municipalities: 40 D to 55 D per ton.
- In the private sector: ~ 35 D per ton.
- Collection financing: Municipalities’ own resources consisting of taxes on property and buildings, various local taxes and state contributions.
- Recovery of collection costs: Less than 50%
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Controlled dumping
- The current average cost of landfilling is around 18 D/T
- Financing the landfilling: Shared between local authorities on their own resources to the tune of 20%, and the State through the FODEP up to 80%.
- The funding covers all costs (a situation that can change with the coming into operation of new landfills)
Private Sector involvement
- In policy and planning: Strategic and technical studies carried out through research departments and consultants.
- For the collection and transportation of household waste: Private contracts with the 264 existing municipalities
- For the collection and treatment of hazardous industrial waste: Collection provided entirely by private operators licensed by the ANGed (150 companies currently), operation of the Jradou station by a private operator.
- For the operation of controlled landfills: fully ensured by the private sector, operating contracts for a period of 5 years.
- For the establishment of sectors: Full integration of the private sector, intervention subject to obtaining a permit from the ANGed.
Options for Improvement
- At the regulatory level: expanding the contract to operate the landfill to make concessions for longer than 15 years
- At the institutional level: Strengthening of means of control and monitoring for ANGed
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At the operational level:
- Streamline management and optimize the resources of municipalities
- Scan all the sectors already created to identify delays and deficiencies
- At the financial level: Implementation of cost accounting of the collection activity of municipalities and progressively generalize the experience of the Municipal Plan for Waste Management (Plan communal de gestion des déchets, PCGD)
- At the level of skills: Anticipating skill needs in waste management and strengthening training
- At the level of awareness: Focusing on negative issues and impacts of the citizens’ neglect in the management of their waste